Three species of earthworms were collected for the first time in the Sinai and Negev deserts. They are: Allolobophora caliginosa (Sav. 1826), Eiseniella tetraedra (Sav. 1826) (both found only in Sinai), and A. rosea (Sav. 1826) from both the Sinai and Negev deserts. All three species belong to the family Lumbricidae and indicate a biogeographical connection with Middle and Eastern Mediterranean lumbricid fauna. They are widely distributed, abundant, and connected to human settlements and humid places. Only A. caliginosa and E. tetraedra were recorded from Egypt and the Sahara Desert.